We report ab initio relativistic calculations on the complex open shell Sn12+ highly charged ion, a prototypical plasma ion relevant for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) nanolithography. Previous calculations of EUV emissivity in tin plasmas consistently generate a spectrum in which the region of peak emissivity is blueshifted relative to experiment. By optimizing our numerical methods to take full advantage of modern, high-performance CPU architectures, we are able to completely saturate the configuration interaction within the =4 shell. Coupled with a thorough treatment of core-valence correlation we resolve the blueshift, finding a surprisingly large influence of highly excited states on the spectrum that is dominated by multiply excited states.

APS
SURF Cooperative , NWO VENI , European Research Council (ERC)
doi.org/10.1103/v557-qqql
Phys. Rev. A
Plasma Theory and Modeling

Reitsma, M., Sheil, J., Versolato, O., Kahl, E.& Berengut, J. (2026). Resolving the blueshift in calculations of the EUV spectrum of multiply charged tin ions. Phys. Rev. A, 114(2), L020802: 1–7.https://doi.org/10.1103/v557-qqql